i wan to know if the farming system have any effect on the worm load in sheep and goats. i want to know if the farming system have any direct link with albendazole resistance in small ruminants
andrewEnlightened
The effect of farm management system on worm load in sheep and goats
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avery
In many cases, you can avoid the use of deformers completely with proper management. By using rotational grazing, you can mimic animals in nature migrating so that you’re moving the sheep and goats away from the infective stool and larvae that they’re depositing on the pasture.
Because many does will be stressed enough after birthing that internal parasites will become abundant enough to make the goat sick, it’s a good idea to have goats kidding during a time when larvae on the pasture is minimal. In my area, that means during the winter when everything is frozen, but in tropical areas, that would be during the dry season when the larvae cannot survive on pasture for long because of the lack of moisture and because temperatures are so hot.
aron
In addition to the previous factors, the bellows are important:
1. When the farmers use the same dose of Albendazole in sheep and goats. The effect is a development of resistance in goats due to under-dosing.
Recently published article (Absit et al., 2015) revealed a higher difference in the clearance of Albendazole when sheep and goats received the same doses. Therefore, they recommended a double dose of Albendazole for goats (10 mg/kg BW) to give the same pharmacological effect in sheep (5 mg/kg BW).
2. Deworming during dry season:
The effect of this factor is the new infection when rainy season start is coming from animals surviving resistance parasites. This will increase the spread of resistance development in the grazing area.
3. Feeding animals after short time of albendazole administration is increasing the passage of the drug from the rumen to intestine, that not good for the pharmacokinetic behavior of the albendazole in ruminant. is better fasting animals specially the calves (due to the effect of esophageal groove).
These three factors have relation to the management, and very important in our tropical area.
Andrew Pel
That´s correct, the farm management system has a direct effect on load parasites.
In an example, farms with extensive management systems increase load parasites, because animals are grazing and are exposed to free-living parasite stages, Besides, rainfall, moisture, environmental and soil temperature could be favourable to the nematode, and trematode infective larvae survival.
On the other hand, the effect of the farm management system has not to effect directly on the anthelmintic resistance, because this problem is generated by indiscriminately use of drugs with the same mode of action and chemical formula, all before mentioned impact on the genome parasites.
John Wick
Both farming system (management ) and geographical location were found to have an effect on worm load among small ruminants in tropical areas.