What are the different types of subsistence farming?

Subsistence farming practice involves cultivating crops and raising livestock exclusively for one’s own use, without any surplus for trade. Farmers follow this practice to fulfil the need of only their families. Nearly 200 million farmers in Africa, Middle America, tropical South America and some parts of Southeast Asia practice subsistence farming.
Subsistence farming practices are mainly categorized into the following types:

Extensive Subsistence Agriculture: This includes two ways of subsistence cultivation:
a. Nomadic herding: It involves raising wandering and controlled livestock dependent on natural forage. Nomadic people following this practice raise animals such as goats, sheep, camel, yak, etc. From the animals, nomads get animal products like meat, milk, body hair, which they use for their own purposes.
b. Slash-and-burn: In this type, farmers reside in one particular area, cultivate local crops for a few years. Once all the nutrients from the soil are used, they burn the remaining crops and leave the land in search of another fertile area.

Intensive Subsistence Systems:
Intensive subsistence farming practice is characterized by high yield per unit of land with relatively low output per worker. Sometimes, it is also called “monsoon type of agriculture.” Farmers following this practice utilize every bit of tillable land to cultivate crops like rice, wheat etc. Farming is very intensive as two to three crops are cultivated in the same land during the course of a year.
Rice is the most prominently cultivated crop in intensive subsistence farming in wet seasons. In dry seasons, cash crops like tobacco, sugar or oilseeds are cultivated. To ensure higher yields, farmers maintain the fertility of soil by using manures including crop wastes, rotten vegetables, fish waste, human excreta and many more.